CAR T-cell-associated neurotoxicity: A comprehensive review

Rev Neurol (Paris). 2024 Nov;180(9):989-994. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.07.005. Epub 2024 Sep 16.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapies have emerged as a promising treatment modality for several malignancies, particularly haematological malignancies, by inducing robust antitumour responses. However, CAR T-cell therapies are associated with a spectrum of adverse events, including neurological complications. We here provide a review of neurological adverse events observed in patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy, focusing on their incidence, clinical manifestations, underlying mechanisms and potential management strategies.

Keywords: Brain; CAR T-cell therapy; Haematological malignancies; Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS); Neurotoxicity; Toxicity.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Hematologic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / epidemiology
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / etiology
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen* / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology

Substances

  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen
  • cell-associated neurotoxicity