WazaGaY: An Innovative Aza-BODIPY-Derived Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Enhanced Tumor Imaging

J Med Chem. 2024 Sep 26;67(18):16635-16648. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01435. Epub 2024 Sep 17.

Abstract

Aza-BODIPYs represent a class of fluorophores in which the π-conjugated system is rigidified and stabilized by a boron atom. A promising strategy to enhance their fluorescence properties involves replacing the boron atom with a metal ion. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a water-soluble derivative where the metal is a gallium(III) ion, termed WazaGaY (water-soluble aza-GaDIPY). Water solubility is ensured by two ammonium substituents, inducing a bathochromic shift and a significant increase in quantum yield compared to that of the dimethylamino analog. The cellular behavior of WazaGaY-1 was observed across different tumor cells. In vivo, the distribution and safety profiles were determined, and tumor uptake was assessed in various tumor types. Following intravenous injection, WazaGaY-1 enabled clear discrimination of tumors engrafted subcutaneously in mice with high tumor-to-muscle ratios (ranging from 7 to 20), even in the absence of specific conjugation. Its potential as a contrast agent for fluorescence-guided surgery was confirmed.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Aza Compounds / chemistry
  • Boron Compounds* / chemical synthesis
  • Boron Compounds* / chemistry
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • Fluorescent Dyes* / chemical synthesis
  • Fluorescent Dyes* / chemistry
  • Gallium / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Optical Imaging
  • Solubility
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Boron Compounds
  • azaBDPBA compound
  • Aza Compounds
  • Gallium