Unveiling nuances in data analysis to illuminate marine pilot strain

Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 3:15:1417215. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1417215. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Maritime studies, encompassing a range of disciplines, increasingly rely on advanced data analytics, particularly in the context of navigation. As technology advances, the statistical averaging of large datasets has become a critical component of these analyses. However, recent studies have highlighted discrepancies between statistical predictions and observable realities, especially in high-stress environments like port approach procedures conducted by marine pilots. This study analyzed physiological responses recorded during simulation exercises involving experienced marine pilots. The focus was not on the specific outcomes of the simulations but on the potential faults arising from conventional statistical signal processing, particularly mean-centered approaches. A large dataset of signals was generated, including one signal with a dominant characteristic intentionally designed to introduce imbalance, mimicking the uneven distribution of real-world data. Initial analysis suggested that the average physiological response of the pilots followed an S-shaped curve, indicative of a psycho-physiological reaction to stress. However, further post hoc analysis revealed that this pattern was primarily influenced by a single participant's data. This finding raises concerns about the generalizability of the S-curve as a typical stress response in maritime pilots. The results underscore the limitations of relying solely on conventional statistical methods, such as mean-centered approaches, in interpreting complex datasets. The study calls into question the validity of standardizing data interpretations based on dominant characteristic curves, particularly in environments as intricate as maritime navigation. The research highlights the need for a re-evaluation of these methods to ensure more reliable and nuanced conclusions in maritime studies. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on data interpretation in maritime research, emphasizing the critical need to re-assess conventional statistical signal processing techniques. By recognizing the potential pitfalls in data generalization, the study advocates for more robust analytical approaches to better capture the complexities of real-world maritime challenges.

Keywords: cognitive load; data averaging; physiological response; pilotage; port approach; risk assessment; simulation.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by project P2-0246 ICT4QoL - Information and Communications Technologies for Quality of Life. This publication of the manuscript was partially financed by the research project (L7-1847; Developing a sustainable model for the growth of the “green port”) and the research group (P2-0394; Modeling and simulations in traffic and maritime engineering) at the Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport, financed by the Slovenian National Research Agency.