Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of Osteospermum fruticosum lines harboring wild type pRi rol genes

PLoS One. 2024 Sep 19;19(9):e0306905. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306905. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Transgenic lines engineered through wild type Rhizobium rhizogenes display an altered phenotype known as the Ri phenotype. This phenotype includes a more compact plant habit, which has proved useful to obtain more compact varieties that require less chemical growth regulation. Here, we develop a method for the molecular and cytogenetic characterization of Cape daisy (Osteospermum fruticosum Norl.) Ri lines in order to predict segregation of pRi T-DNA genes. Analysis of copy number variation (CNV) by means of digital PCR indicated large variation in the copy number of the inserted root oncogenic loci (rol) genes, ranging from 1 to more than 15 copies. In addition, up to 9 copies of the auxin biosynthesis genes (aux) were present in a single Ri line. Visualization of pRiA4 and pRi1724 rol and aux insertion in 4 Ri lines was performed through Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization. The number of rol integrated loci varied from 1 to 3 loci. In contrast, the different TR-gene copies were confined to a single locus which consistently co-localized with a TL locus, this was demonstrated for the first time. Based on CNV and FISH a single Ri line, harboring 7 pRi1724 rol gene copies dispersed over 3 integration loci, was selected for breeding. Copy number segregation in R1 progeny of 2, 3, 4 and 5 pRi1724 copies was confirmed, indicating that the evaluation of the breeding value of first generation Ri lines is possible through CNV and FISH.

MeSH terms

  • Agrobacterium / genetics
  • DNA Copy Number Variations
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Genes, Plant
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
  • Phenotype
  • Plant Roots / genetics
  • Plants, Genetically Modified* / genetics
  • Sapindaceae / genetics

Substances

  • DNA, Bacterial

Supplementary concepts

  • Agrobacterium rhizogenes

Grants and funding

This study was funded by Flanders’ Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (https://www.vlaio.be/en) under grant numbers 150889 and HBC.2020.2886 awarded to SD. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of VLAIO. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.