Triethylammonium Salts of Dicoumarol: Synthesis, Characterization, Human Antiglioblastoma, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Studies

The most typical primary brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), has a dismal prognosis. They are removed through arduous, potentially fatal operations. The primary cause of tumor recurrence following surgery is glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). In order to combat the recurrent glioblastoma malignant cells, medications have been developed. Chemotherapies now in use are expensive and encounter resistance. To combat inherent and developed resistance, new and powerful chemotherapeutics are being synthesized. In this regard, dicoumarols were deprotonated by triethylamine to produce corresponding salts which are reported and used for the first time for human antiglioblastoma activity. Spectroscopic characterizations like ¹H and ¹³C-NMR were carried out. The cytotoxicity of normal human astrocytes (NHA) and human glioblastoma cells (A172 and LN229) were both examined in terms of dose and time dependence. The range of the IC₅₀ value for all the deprotonated derivatives against A172 was found to be 2.81-0.24 µM, whereas the range against LN229 was found to be 2.50-0.85 µM. According to cytotoxicity results, malignant cell death was seen in GBM cells treated with triethylamine salts of dicoumarols compared to the control group, which suggested that salts may cause apoptosis in GBM cells. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities were also investigated for all the triethylamine salts of dicoumarols suggesting that salt formation enhances antimicrobial potentials manyfolds compared to the standard drug used. Free radical activities were also investigated using DPPH free radicals.