Diagnosing Behçet's disease in the presence of pulmonary artery aneurysm and systemic symptoms: A case report

Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that often presents with a triad of uveitis, oral aphthous ulcers, and genital ulcerations, along with systemic manifestations such as vascular involvement. We report a case of a 36-year-old male with a significant smoking history who presented with recurrent hemoptysis and a progressive cough, leading to the diagnosis of Behçet's disease. Physical examination and imaging studies revealed aphthous and genital ulcerations, erythematous nodules, and a pulmonary artery aneurysm. Elevated inflammatory markers supported the diagnosis and treatment with methylprednisolone and infliximab resulted in clinical improvement. The management of pulmonary artery aneurysm in Behçet's disease includes both medical and interventional strategies, with endovascular interventions like coil embolization being crucial for managing life-threatening hemoptysis or aneurysm rupture.