A post-hoc pooled analysis to evaluate efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL in insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes with/without prior use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2024 Nov:217:111871. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111871. Epub 2024 Sep 27.

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate treatment advancement with insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300), with or without prior glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Efficacy and safety outcomes of insulin-naïve patients intensifying with Gla-300, with/without prior GLP-1 RA therapy, were evaluated in three analyses (N = 3562): a pooled analysis of seven interventional studies, a subanalysis comparing participants who stopped GLP-1 RA therapy and initiated Gla-300 with those who received add-on Gla-300, and an expanded analysis including two observational studies.

Results: Glycaemic outcomes, including HbA1c improvement and fasting plasma glucose, were similar between groups with/without prior GLP-1 RA use. HbA1c least squares mean change from baseline was - 1.7 % and - 1.6 % with and without prior GLP-1 RA, respectively. Glycaemic outcomes were similar between participants who stopped GLP-1 RA therapy when initiating Gla-300 and those who received add-on Gla-300, although more participants receiving add-on Gla-300 achieved HbA1c targets. The expanded analysis yielded similar results. Incidence of hypoglycaemia was low with no clinically relevant weight changes in all analyses.

Conclusions: Treatment advancement with Gla-300 in patients with T2D, with/without prior GLP-1 RA therapy, improved glycaemic outcomes with no relevant impact on weight, while maintaining a low hypoglycaemia risk.

Keywords: GLP-1 RA; Gla-300; Insulin glargine; Insulin-naïve; Type 2 diabetes.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose* / analysis
  • Blood Glucose* / drug effects
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor* / agonists
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / analysis
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / chemically induced
  • Hypoglycemia / epidemiology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Insulin Glargine* / administration & dosage
  • Insulin Glargine* / adverse effects
  • Insulin Glargine* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Insulin Glargine
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human