Spatiotemporal coupling analysis between green total factor productivity and urban e-commerce development in China's eight urban clusters

The coordinated development of urban e-commerce and green total factor productivity (GTFP) plays a crucial role in achieving high-quality development. This paper selects relevant data from the eight major urban agglomerations in China for research. A model that described the coupling coordination between the regions' GTFP and urban e-commerce was presented. Then, unfold the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of their coupling coordination from the "dynamic and static", "overall and regional" dimensions. The results indicate: (1) The coupling coordination degree between two systems within China's eight urban agglomerations exhibits an upward trend with fluctuations, transitioning from a state of near dysfunction to good coordination. (2) The spatial heterogeneity in the coupling coordination degree between the two systems in China's eight major urban agglomerations is evident, with an overall downward trend and exhibiting a "V-shaped" pattern of "decline-rise".(3) The coupling coordination degree between two systems across China's eight urban agglomerations exhibits a trend toward centralization, with an amelioration of bipolar differentiation, and a progressive attenuation of spatial heterogeneity.