Recent advances in precision nutrition and cardiometabolic diseases

Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2024 Sep 30:S1885-5857(24)00279-2. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.09.003. Online ahead of print.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

A growing body of research on nutrition omics has led to recent advances in cardiovascular disease epidemiology and prevention. Within the PREDIMED trial, significant associations between diet-related metabolites and cardiovascular disease were identified, which were subsequently replicated in independent cohorts. Some notable metabolites identified include plasma levels of ceramides, acyl-carnitines, branched-chain amino acids, tryptophan, urea cycle pathways, and the lipidome. These metabolites and their related pathways have been associated with incidence of both cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Future directions in precision nutrition research include: a) developing more robust multimetabolomic scores to predict long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality; b) incorporating more diverse populations and a broader range of dietary patterns; and c) conducting more translational research to bridge the gap between precision nutrition studies and clinical applications.

Keywords: Cardiopatía isquémica; Cardiovascular disease; Diabetes mellitus tipo 2; Dieta mediterránea; Enfermedad cerebrovascular; Epidemiología de la nutrición; Mediterranean diet; Metabolomics; Metabolómica; Nutrición de precisión; Nutritional epidemiology; Precision nutrition; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Review