Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel halolysin from Halorubellus sp. PRR65 with a relatively high temperature activity

World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Oct 3;40(11):340. doi: 10.1007/s11274-024-04149-x.

Abstract

Extracellular proteases from haloarchaea, also referred to as halolysins, are in increasing demand and are studied for their various applications in condiments and leather industries. In this study, an extracellular protease encoding gene from the haloarchaeon Halorubellus sp. PRR65, hly65, was cloned and heterologously expressed in E. coli. The novel halolysin Hly65 from the genus Halorubellus was characterized by complete inhibition of phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) on its enzyme activity. Experimental determination revealed a triad catalytic active center consisting of Asp154-His193-Ser348. Deletion of the C-terminal extension (CTE) resulted in loss of enzyme activity, while dithiothreitol (DTT) did not inhibit the enzyme activity, suggesting that Hly65 may function as a monomer. The Km, Vmax and Kcat for the Hly65 were determined to be 2.91 mM, 1230.47 U·mg-1 and 1538.09 S-1, respectively, under 60 °C, pH 8.0 and 4.0 M NaCl using azocasecin as a substrate. Furthermore, a three-dimensional structure prediction based on functional domains was obtained in this study which will facilitate modification and reorganization of halolysins to generate mutants with new physiological activities.

Keywords: Halorubellus; Extracellular protease; Extremozyme; Haloarchaea; Halolysin; Hypersaline enviroments; Proteolytic activity.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Archaeal Proteins* / chemistry
  • Archaeal Proteins* / genetics
  • Archaeal Proteins* / metabolism
  • Caseins
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Cloning, Molecular*
  • Enzyme Stability
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Halobacteriaceae / enzymology
  • Halobacteriaceae / genetics
  • Halobacteriaceae / metabolism
  • Hot Temperature
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Molecular
  • Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride / pharmacology
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Sodium Chloride / metabolism
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Archaeal Proteins
  • azocasein
  • Caseins
  • Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Sodium Chloride