Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy for Deep Tumors Using a Self-Assembled Organoplatinum(II) Sonosensitizer

J Med Chem. 2024 Oct 24;67(20):18356-18367. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01671. Epub 2024 Oct 3.

Abstract

Despite the promising advances in photodynamic therapy (PDT), it remains challenging to target and treat deep-seated solid tumors effectively. Herein, we developed an organoplatinum(II) complex (Pt-TPE) with self-assembly properties for sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Pt-TPE forms a nanofiber network structure through Pt-Pt and π-π stacking interactions. Notably, under ultrasound (US), Pt-TPE demonstrates unique self-assembly-induced singlet oxygen (1O2) generation due to a significantly enhanced singlet-triplet intersystem crossing (ISC). This generation of 1O2 occurs exclusively in the self-assembled state of Pt-TPE. Additionally, Pt-TPE exhibits sono-cytotoxicity against cancer cells by impairing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), inhibiting glucose uptake, and aerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, US-activated Pt-TPE significantly inhibits deep solid tumors in mice, achieving remarkable therapeutic efficacy even at penetration depths greater than 10 cm. This study highlights the potential of self-assembled metal complexes to enhance the efficacy of SDT for treating deep tumors.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / chemistry
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / pharmacology
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemistry
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacology
  • Photosensitizing Agents / therapeutic use
  • Singlet Oxygen / metabolism
  • Ultrasonic Therapy / methods

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • Singlet Oxygen