A prospective, observational, multi-center, post-marketing safety surveillance study of the GSK combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive infections (DTaP-IPV/Hib) in South Korean infants

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2406060. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2406060. Epub 2024 Oct 8.

Abstract

In South Korea, a combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive infections (DTaP-IPV/Hib) is available since 2018 for vaccination of infants from the age of 2 months. This prospective, observational, non-comparative, post-marketing study evaluated the real-world safety of DTaP-IPV/Hib primary vaccination in eligible South Korean infants from the age of 2 months between 2018 and 2022. Infants were followed up for 30 days after each vaccine dose to assess the proportion of infants experiencing any adverse event (AE), including adverse drug reactions (ADRs), unexpected AEs, and serious AEs/serious ADRs (SAEs/SADRs). Of 660 infants vaccinated during the study period, 646 were included in the total safety cohort. A total of 194 AEs were reported in 143 (22.1%) infants; 158 AEs occurred after the first dose in 130 (20.1%) infants, 21 after the second dose in 20 (13.4%) infants, and 11 after the third dose in ten (8.1%) infants. The most frequent AEs by Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities Preferred Terms terminology were pyrexia (13.3%), injection site swelling (5.1%), and irritability (1.7%). Most of the AEs were mild, resolved without a medical visit, and were classified as possibly related to vaccination. The incidence proportions of ADRs, unexpected AEs, and SAEs/SADRs were 19.4%, 4.3%, and 0.9%, respectively. All SAEs/SADRs resolved after hospitalization or emergency room visit, and one event was possibly related to vaccination. These results are in line with the approved label and other national/international studies, confirming the acceptable safety profile of DTaP-IPV/Hib in the South Korean pediatric population.

Keywords: Combined pentavalent vaccine; Haemophilus influenzae type b; South Korea; diphtheria; pediatric vaccination; pertussis; poliomyelitis; post-marketing surveillance; safety; tetanus.

Plain language summary

In South Korea, a vaccine to help protect infants against five childhood diseases (diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, poliomyelitis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive infections) called DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine, has been available since 2018. As required by Korean regulation, this study aimed to confirm that DTaP-IPV/Hib was well tolerated by South Korean infants during its first 4 years of use in the country (2018–2022). This study followed 646 healthy infants aged 2–3 months who received up to three vaccine doses with 2-month intervals between doses, according to the Korean vaccination recommendations. The infants were followed for 30 days after each vaccination to evaluate how often adverse events (AEs) occurred during that period. An AE was defined as any untoward medical event after exposure to the vaccine, but not necessarily caused by that same vaccine. Overall, 194 AEs occurred during the study. On average, at least one AE was reported in 22% of infants within 30 days following vaccination. These AEs were mostly fever (body temperature >38.0°C), swelling at vaccine injection site, and irritability. A serious AE (SAE) was reported for 0.9% of infants. The infants always recovered from these SAEs after hospitalization or emergency room visit. The reported AEs are indicated in the vaccine package insert, meaning they were possibly expected to occur after vaccination. This study therefore confirms the acceptable safety profile of DTaP-IPV/Hib when given to South Korean infants in accordance with local prescribing recommendations and as part of routine childhood immunization.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Diphtheria / prevention & control
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine* / administration & dosage
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine* / adverse effects
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Haemophilus Infections* / epidemiology
  • Haemophilus Infections* / prevention & control
  • Haemophilus Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Haemophilus Vaccines* / adverse effects
  • Haemophilus Vaccines* / immunology
  • Haemophilus influenzae type b / immunology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Poliomyelitis / epidemiology
  • Poliomyelitis / prevention & control
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated* / administration & dosage
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated* / adverse effects
  • Product Surveillance, Postmarketing*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Tetanus / prevention & control
  • Vaccination / adverse effects
  • Vaccines, Combined* / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Combined* / adverse effects
  • Vaccines, Conjugate / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Conjugate / adverse effects
  • Whooping Cough / epidemiology
  • Whooping Cough / prevention & control

Substances

  • Haemophilus Vaccines
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated
  • Vaccines, Conjugate

Grants and funding

This work was supported by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA was involved in all stages of the study conduct and analysis and took responsibility for all costs associated with the development and the publishing of the present manuscript.