A neural circuit from thalamic paraventricular nucleus via zona incerta to periaqueductal gray for the facilitation of neuropathic pain

Neurobiol Dis. 2024 Nov:202:106699. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106699. Epub 2024 Oct 10.

Abstract

Top-down projections transmit a series of signals encoding pain sensation to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), where they converge with various incoming projections to regulate pain. Clarifying the upstream regulatory hierarchy of vlPAG can enhance our understanding of the neural circuitry involved in pain modulation. Here, we show that a in a mouse model of spared nerve injury (SNI), activation of a circuit arising from posterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus CaMKIIα-positive neurons (PVPCaMKIIα) projects to gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons in the rostral zona incerta (ZIrGABA) to facilitate the development of pain hypersensitivity behaviors. In turn, these ZIrGABA neurons project to CaMKIIα-positive neurons in the vlPAG (vlPAGCaMKIIα), a well-known neuronal population involved in pain descending modulation. In vivo calcium signal recording and whole-cell electrophysiological recordings reveal that the PVPCaMKIIα→ZIrGABA→vlPAGCaMKIIα circuit is activated in SNI models of persistent pain. Inhibition of this circuit using chemogenetics or optogenetics can alleviate the mechanical pain behaviors. Our study indicates that the PVPCaMKIIα→ZIrGABA→vlPAGCaMKIIα circuit is involved in the facilitation of neuropathic pain. This previously unrecognized circuit could be explored as a potential target for neuropathic pain treatment.

Keywords: Descending facilitation; Neuropathic pain; Posterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus; Rostral zona incerta; Ventrolateral periaqueductal gray.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Midline Thalamic Nuclei* / physiology
  • Neural Pathways* / physiopathology
  • Neuralgia* / physiopathology
  • Neurons / physiology
  • Optogenetics / methods
  • Periaqueductal Gray*
  • Zona Incerta* / physiology

Substances

  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2