ZnFe(PBA)@Ti3C2Tx nanohybrid-based highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the detection of glucose in human sweat

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 11;14(1):23835. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75623-7.

Abstract

The ZnFe prussian blue analogue [ZnFe(PBA)] was infused with Ti3C2Tx (MXene) denoted as ZnFe(PBA)@Ti3C2Tx and was prepared by an in-situ sonication method to use as a non-enzymatic screen printed electrode sensor. The advantage of non-enzymatic sensors is their excellent sensitivity, rapid detection, low cost and simple design. The synthesized ZnFe(PBA)@Ti3C2Tx was characterized for its physical and chemical characterization by XRD, Raman, XPS, EDAX, and FESEM analysis. It possessed multiple functionalized layers and a cubic structure in the nanohybrid. Further, the sensor was investigated by using electroanalytical studies such as cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analysis. The enhanced surface area with a cubic structure of ZnFe(PBA) and the excellent electrical response of Ti3C2 nanosheet support the advancement of a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor with improved sensitivity of 973.42 µA mM-1 cm-2 with the limit of detection (LOD) of 3.036 µM (S/N = 3) and linear detection range (LDR) from 0.01 to 1 mM.

Keywords: Electrochemical sensor; Non-enzymatic glucose sensor; Sweat glucose sensor; Ti3C2Tx; ZnFe(PBA).

MeSH terms

  • Biosensing Techniques / methods
  • Electrochemical Techniques* / methods
  • Electrodes
  • Ferrocyanides / chemistry
  • Glucose* / analysis
  • Humans
  • Limit of Detection*
  • Nanostructures / chemistry
  • Sweat* / chemistry
  • Titanium* / chemistry
  • Zinc / analysis
  • Zinc / chemistry

Substances

  • Titanium
  • Glucose
  • Ferrocyanides
  • ferric ferrocyanide
  • Zinc