Outcomes of frail patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma

Br J Haematol. 2024 Dec;205(6):2370-2375. doi: 10.1111/bjh.19811. Epub 2024 Oct 13.

Abstract

In patients with multiple myeloma (MM) not-eligible for autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT), a simplified frailty index (SFI) identifies frail patients at risk for poor outcomes, but data are limited for transplant-eligible patients. In this registry-based retrospective study, we used an adapted version of the SFI to determine the prevalence of frailty in patients ≥65 years of age with MM undergoing autoHCT. Out of 5563 patients, 37.9% of patients were classified as frail and although they had increased non-relapse mortality (NRM) and inferior overall survival, the NRM at 100 days remained low (<2%) compared with non-frail patients.

Keywords: BMT; autologous stem cell transplantation; frailty; multiple myeloma; survival.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Frailty
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* / methods
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Multiple Myeloma* / mortality
  • Multiple Myeloma* / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Transplantation, Autologous*
  • Treatment Outcome