This study focuses on the cases(mainly characterized by respiratory symptoms such as cough, runny nose, fever, sore throat, and nasal congestion)of an outbreak of upper respiratory tract infections in a kindergarten in Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, in May 2023. The epidemiological data were collected, and pharyngeal swab specimens were also obtained from the patients. The specimens of the research participants were subjected to respiratory multi-pathogen testing, and the positive specimens were further analyzed by sequencing the second hypervariable region (HRV2) of the G gene of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and constructing a phylogenetic tree. A total of 90 patients were collected, with an incidence rate of 22.84% (90/394), and the highest incidence was observed in the junior class group at 29.55%. Among the 17 pharyngeal swab specimens collected, 16 specimens were identified with the A subtype of respiratory syncytial virus. Sequencing analysis confirmed that it was the A subtype ON1 genotype. Based on the aforementioned testing results, it can be concluded that the current epidemic was primarily caused by infection with the A subtype of respiratory syncytial virus. Following the implementation of intervention measures, the epidemic has been effectively controlled.
以2023年5月甘肃省白银市靖远县1所幼儿园上呼吸道感染聚集性疫情病例为研究对象（以咳嗽、流涕、发热、咽痛、鼻塞等呼吸道感染症状为主），收集病例信息，对采集的咽拭子标本进行了呼吸道多病原检测，并对HRSV阳性标本进行G蛋白高变区序列测序、同源性分析和构建进化树。共收集病例90例，发病率22.84%（90/394），小班组发病率最高（29.55%）。采集的17份咽拭子样本中16份为RSV A亚型，序列分析表明为A亚型ON1基因型。根据上述结果判定本次疫情主要由RSVA亚型感染引起，据此采取干预措施后疫情得到有效控制。.