Broncho biliary fistula, a rare complication after hepatectomy: case report of endoscopic and radiological management

Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is one of the most exceptional complications following hepatic surgery. By integrating evidence-based case studies from existing literature, this review offers critical insights into the efficacy of diverse imaging modalities and therapeutic approaches across a broad spectrum of clinical scenarios. Computed tomography, and magnetic resonance cholangiography or even scintigraphy shows an abnormal tractus between biliary ducts and pulmonary bronchi and minimally invasive techniques using endoscopy are considered the techniques of choice. Surgery should only be considered in complicated cases due to significant morbidity and mortality rate. We report the case of a 46-year-old man with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the rectum involving the liver, treated with metastasectomy, which was complicated by a BBF. The patient underwent radiological external drainage followed by endoscopic placement of biliary endoprosthesis with favorable outcome.