CAV Trajectories Among Patients With No or Mild CAV at 10 Years Posttransplant

Clin Transplant. 2024 Oct;38(10):e70009. doi: 10.1111/ctr.70009.

Abstract

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation (HT). Prior studies identified distinct CAV trajectories in the early post-HT period with unique predictors, but the evolution of CAV in later periods is not well-described. This study assessed the prevalence of late CAV progression and associated risk factors in HT recipients with ISHLT CAV 0/1 at 10 years post-HT. Consecutive adult patients who underwent HT from January 2000 to December 2008 were evaluated and grouped by CAV trajectories into progressors (developed ISHLT CAV 2/3) or nonprogressors (remained ISHLT CAV 0/1). A total of 130 patients were included with a median age at angiography of 61.7 years and a median follow-up time of 4.8 years. 8.5% progressed to CAV 2/3, while the remaining 91.5% were nonprogressors. Progression was not associated with death or retransplantation (27.3% [progressor] vs. 21.0% [nonprogressor], p = 0.70). These data may inform shared decision-making about late CAV screening.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; clinical decision‐making; coronary artery disease; vasculopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Coronary Artery Disease / etiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / surgery
  • Disease Progression*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Rejection / etiology
  • Graft Survival
  • Heart Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Heart Transplantation* / mortality
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate