Table-top laser-based terahertz high harmonic generation spectroscopy under magnetic fields and low temperatures

X B Wang; H Wang; J Y Yuan; X Y Zeng; L Cheng; J Qi; J L Luo; T Dong; N L Wang

doi:10.1063/5.0215129

Table-top laser-based terahertz high harmonic generation spectroscopy under magnetic fields and low temperatures

Rev Sci Instrum. 2024 Oct 1;95(10):103007. doi: 10.1063/5.0215129.

Authors

X B Wang¹, H Wang², J Y Yuan², X Y Zeng^{1

3}, L Cheng³, J Qi³, J L Luo¹, T Dong², N L Wang²

Affiliations

¹ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
² International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.

PMID: 39441056
DOI: 10.1063/5.0215129

Abstract

We have developed a terahertz (THz) nonlinear spectrometer at low temperatures (1.5-300 K) and under high magnetic fields (up to 10 T) by combining the laser-driven table-top intense THz source with a superconducting magnet. The strong-field THz pump pulse was generated from LiNbO3 crystal using the tilted-pulse-front technique and tightly focused into the center of the magnet by an off-axis parabolic mirror and a THz lens. The electric fields at the focus can achieve 500 kV/cm with a monocycle waveform and 30 kV/cm with a multicycle waveform at 0.5 THz. The sample was mounted on a low-temperature motorized rotation stage, which enables performing the polarization dependent measurements of the third harmonic generation (THG) intensity without rotating the incident THz pulses. The magnetic field direction can be rotated using a mechanical rotator, allowing for a convenient switch between Faraday and Voigt geometry. We demonstrate the excellent performance of our instrument by conducting THG measurements in the two-band superconductor MgB2 as a function of temperature, sample azimuth angle, as well as in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields. The successful combination of the strong field THz source with magnetic fields enables us to study a variety of materials with magnetic-field-dependent properties of interest.