Prolonging the circulatory half-life of C1 esterase inhibitor via albumin fusion

PLoS One. 2024 Oct 23;19(10):e0305719. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305719. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by episodic swelling, arising from genetic deficiency in C1-esterase inhibitor (C1INH), a regulator of several proteases including activated Plasma kallikrein (Pka). Many existing C1INH treatments exhibit short circulatory half-lives, precluding prophylactic use. Hexahistidine-tagged truncated C1INH (trC1INH lacking residues 1-97) with Mutated N-linked Glycosylation Sites N216Q/N231Q/N330Q (H6-trC1INH(MGS)), its murine serum albumin (MSA) fusion variant (H6-trC1INH(MGS)-MSA), and H6-MSA were expressed in Pichia pastoris and purified via nickel-chelate chromatography. Following intravenous injection in mice, the mean terminal half-life of H6-trC1INH(MGS)-MSA was significantly increased versus that of H6-trC1INH(MGS), by 3-fold, while remaining ~35% less than that of H6-MSA. The extended half-life was achieved with minimal, but significant, reduction in the mean second order rate constant of Pka inhibition of H6-trC1INH(MGS)-MSA by 33% relative to that of H6-trC1INH(MGS). Our results validate albumin fusion as a viable strategy for half-life extension of a natural inhibitor and suggest that H6-trC1INH(MGS)-MSA is worthy of investigation in a murine model of HAE.

MeSH terms

  • Angioedemas, Hereditary / drug therapy
  • Angioedemas, Hereditary / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein* / genetics
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein* / metabolism
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins* / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins* / metabolism
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism

Substances

  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Serum Albumin

Grants and funding

This study was made possible through a Canadian Blood Services (CBS) Graduate Fellowship Program award to SS, and via a CBS Discovery Research Grant DRG2023-WS to WS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.