RING finger proteins are one of the largest families of E3 ubiquitin ligase, which regulate ubiquitination modification of proteins through their E3 ubiquitin ligase properties. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogens invading the host. In the innate immune response, ubiquitination modifications regulate a variety of key proteins to inhibit and eliminate the pathogens while maintaining an appropriate inflammatory response. This paper reviews the role of RING finger proteins in regulating Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase-cGAMP stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS-cGAMP-STING) signaling pathway. It aims to provide new insights into the research on RING finger proteins and anti-infection innate immunity.