Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease with histopathologic features of primary CNS angiitis without demyelination: Case report and literature review

J Neuroimmunol. 2024 Nov 15:396:578467. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578467. Epub 2024 Oct 18.

Abstract

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare inflammatory disease that affects both small- and medium-sized vessels of the CNS, while myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a novel antibody-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder that causes damage to the myelin in CNS. We report a case diagnosed as MOGAD due to a history of recurrent myelitis, brain lesions, and positive anti-MOG, but the brain biopsy showed vasculitis without demyelination.

Keywords: Brain biopsy; MOGAD; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; Primary angiitis of the central nervous system.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Autoantibodies* / blood
  • Autoantibodies* / immunology
  • Demyelinating Diseases / immunology
  • Demyelinating Diseases / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein* / immunology
  • Vasculitis, Central Nervous System* / immunology
  • Vasculitis, Central Nervous System* / pathology

Substances

  • Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
  • Autoantibodies
  • MOG protein, human

Supplementary concepts

  • Primary angiitis of the central nervous system