Potential use of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy as a rapid screening tool for investigating nosocomial outbreaks of ST-80 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium

J Hosp Infect. 2025 Jan:155:161-169. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.10.005. Epub 2024 Oct 22.

Abstract

Background: Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a non-genomic, spectrum-based typing technology useful for characterizing outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms.

Aim: To assess the performance of FT-IR spectroscopy in characterizing ST-80 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREf) isolates from a nosocomial outbreak.

Methods: Core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism phylogeny was used as a reference method to characterize a nosocomial outbreak caused by ST-80 VREf. It identified 22 of 25 epidemiologically related isolates as belonging to an outbreak cluster.

Findings: The use of FT-IR spectroscopy with a cluster-defining cut-off of 0.071 resulted in the correct classification of 21 out of 22 phylogenetically related isolates in a single cluster. It successfully distinguished three phylogenetically unrelated isolates from the outbreak cluster, along with five ST-80-unrelated control isolates, and five isolates from a previous outbreak in May 2023, yielding only one mischaracterized environmental isolate.

Conclusion: These findings support the potential use of FT-IR spectroscopy as a rapid screening tool to assist outbreak investigations. Notably, this study is the first to focus on the performance of FT-IR spectroscopy in the epidemiological analysis of VREf isolates with the same sequence type.

Keywords: Core-genome SNP; FT-IR spectroscopy; Outbreak investigations; ST-80; Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium; Whole-genome sequencing.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Cross Infection* / epidemiology
  • Cross Infection* / microbiology
  • Disease Outbreaks*
  • Enterococcus faecium* / classification
  • Enterococcus faecium* / drug effects
  • Enterococcus faecium* / genetics
  • Enterococcus faecium* / isolation & purification
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections* / epidemiology
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections* / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / methods
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci* / drug effects
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci* / genetics
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci* / isolation & purification