Pre-Stimulus Activity of Left and Right TPJ in Linguistic Predictive Processing: A MEG Study

Brain Sci. 2024 Oct 10;14(10):1014. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14101014.

Abstract

Background: The left and right temporoparietal junctions (TPJs) are two brain areas involved in several brain networks, largely studied for their diverse roles, from attentional orientation to theory of mind and, recently, predictive processing. In predictive processing, one crucial concept is prior precision, that is, the reliability of the predictions of incoming stimuli. This has been linked with modulations of alpha power as measured with electrophysiological techniques, but TPJs have seldom been studied in this framework.

Methods: The present article investigates, using magnetoencephalography, whether spontaneous oscillations in pre-stimulus alpha power in the left and right TPJs can modulate brain responses during a linguistic task that requires predictive processing in literal and non-literal sentences.

Results: Overall, results show that pre-stimulus alpha power in the rTPJ was associated with post-stimulus responses only in the left superior temporal gyrus, while lTPJ pre-stimulus alpha power was associated with post-stimulus activity in Broca's area, left middle temporal gyrus, and left superior temporal gyrus.

Conclusions: We conclude that both the right and left TPJs have a role in linguistic prediction, involving a network of core language regions, with differences across brain areas and linguistic conditions that can be parsimoniously explained in the context of predictive processing.

Keywords: MEG; TPJs; figurative language; language; magnetoencephalography; metaphor; neuropragmatics; pre-stimulus alpha; predictive processing; temporo-parietal junctions.

Grants and funding

G.A. and V.B. were partly funded by the Italian Ministry of Health under Grant n. GR-2018-12366092. In the final stages, this work received support from the European Research Council under the EU’s Horizon Europe programme, ERC Consolidator Grant “PROcessing MEtaphors: Neurochronometry, Acquisition and Decay, PROMENADE” (G.A. number: 101045733). The content of this article is the sole responsibility of the authors. The European Commission or its services cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.