Factors Influencing Medical Students' Decision in Choosing a Surgical Specialty

Background: The decision to pursue a career in surgery among medical students is influenced by various factors, including personal preferences, perceptions of the specialty, and educational experiences. Understanding these factors is crucial for addressing challenges and fostering interest in surgical specialties.

Methodology: This study analyzed data from 889 medical students to explore demographic characteristics and factors influencing their decision regarding pursuing a surgical career. Participants completed surveys regarding their gender, academic year, GPA, and intentions regarding surgical careers. Factors influencing career were assessed using closed-ended questions, with both deterrents and motivators considered.

Results: The study found a higher proportion of female participants (63.1%) compared to male participants (36.9%). Factors influencing participants' decision not to pursue a surgical career included a preference for other specialties (61.8%), a dislike for the lifestyle of surgeons (51.3%), and perceptions of long training durations (33.7%). Conversely, interest in the specialty (71.0%) and a preference for hands-on work (55.6%) were significant motivators for pursuing a surgical career. Additional factors such as concerns about the competitive environment, dislike for hands-on work, and perceptions regarding salary and work environment also emerged as notable considerations.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of addressing misconceptions, providing mentorship, and promoting diversity within surgical specialties to encourage interest and diversify the surgical workforce. The study found a high interest in surgical specialty among Saudi medical students; however, some barriers were identified, particularly work-home relations, gender disparity, and pressure put on surgeries.