Efficiency and resistance risk of flusilazole against northern corn leaf blight caused by Setosphaeria turcica

Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2024 Nov:205:106133. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106133. Epub 2024 Sep 16.

Abstract

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) infected by Setosphaeria turcica is a devastating disease of corn worldwide. Flusilazole is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide. However, its resistance risk and field efficiency in controlling NCLB are still unknown. The present research evaluated the antifungal activity of flusilazole against 101 S. turcica isolates, and their EC50 values ranged from 0.0013 to 0.0466 μg/mL, with a mean of 0.0157 μg/mL. Seven S. turcica mutants resistant to flusilazole were obtained from two wild-type isolates by fungicide adaptation. After 10 consecutive transfers on PDA medium without fungicide, their resistance decreased. Cross-resistance was not existed between flusilazole and fluazinam, pyraclostrobin, amobam, epoxiconazole, or fluxapyroxad. Compared to the wild-type isolates, seven flusilazole-resistant mutants showed reduced biological fitness. No point mutation was detected, however, over-expression of StCYP51 and StatrD genes were detected in the resistant mutants. In addition, in the field experiment, flusilazole exhibited over 85 % efficacy against NCLB, significantly higher than amobam. In summary, these results suggested that the resistance risk of S. turcica to flusilazole was low, and the over-expression of StCYP51 and StatrD might be related to the flusilazole resistance against S. turcica. Flusilazole showed great potential as an alternative fungicide for controlling NCLB.

Keywords: Field efficiency; Flusilazole; Fungicide resistance; Setosphaeria turcica; Target gene.

MeSH terms

  • Aminopyridines
  • Ascomycota* / drug effects
  • Ascomycota* / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Fungal* / genetics
  • Epoxy Compounds
  • Fungicides, Industrial* / pharmacology
  • Mutation
  • Plant Diseases* / microbiology
  • Plant Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Silanes
  • Strobilurins / pharmacology
  • Triazoles* / pharmacology
  • Zea mays* / microbiology

Substances

  • Triazoles
  • Fungicides, Industrial
  • flusilazole
  • Strobilurins
  • epoxiconazole
  • fluazinam
  • pyrachlostrobin
  • Aminopyridines
  • Epoxy Compounds
  • Silanes