Tangerine peel-derived nitrogen-doped carbon dots incorporated chitosan/pullulan-based active packaging film for bread packaging

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2025 Jan:245:114339. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114339. Epub 2024 Oct 24.

Abstract

Citrus peel waste carbon dots based on nitrogen-doped (N-TanCD) were developed by a hydrothermal strategy to deliver active packaging fillers and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared analyses. The addition of N-TanCD into chitosan-pululan (CS/Pul@N-TanCD) polymer blend amplified the tensile strength of the composite film by 22.8 %, whereas the antioxidant activities against DPPH and ABTS reached 62.7 % and 91.6 %, respectively. The proposed film showed blocked 98.8 % of UV-A and 100 % of UV-B without affecting the film's transparency. The CS/Pul@N-TanCD film lowered the contamination of L. monocytogenes and E. coli by more than 4 and 5 log CFU/mL, respectively. Sliced bread was packaged using CS/Pul-based films and stored for 12 days at 50 % relative humidity and 25 °C to investigate changes in the quality of the bread. It was found that bread packaged with CS/Pul film integrated with N-TanCD maintained excellent bread quality relating to appearance, moisture content, hardness, weight loss, and total viable bacterial count.

Keywords: Active packaging; Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Carbon dots; Nitrogen-doping; Tangerine peel.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Bread* / analysis
  • Bread* / microbiology
  • Carbon* / chemistry
  • Chitosan* / chemistry
  • Citrus* / chemistry
  • Escherichia coli* / drug effects
  • Food Packaging*
  • Glucans* / chemistry
  • Listeria monocytogenes / drug effects
  • Nitrogen* / chemistry
  • Quantum Dots / chemistry
  • Tensile Strength

Substances

  • Chitosan
  • Nitrogen
  • Carbon
  • pullulan
  • Glucans
  • Antioxidants