Exercise Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Myocardial Injury by Inhibiting TSHR and Regulating Macrophage Polarization Through miR-30d-5p/GALNT7

J Immunol Res. 2024 Oct 26:2024:5562293. doi: 10.1155/2024/5562293. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an extensively used chemotherapeutic agent that induces cardiotoxicity. Studies have reported that exercise (EXE) can alleviate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism by which EXE attenuates DOX-induced myocardial injury. Methods: In this study, cell and animal models of DOX-induced myocardial injury were constructed. The animal model was subjected to EXE intervention. Results: In this study, in vitro experiments revealed that miR-30d-5p negatively regulated polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 7 (GALNT7) and that GALNT7 negatively regulated the expression of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR). miR-30d-5p downregulated the expression of GALNT7, promoted the expression of TSHR, and promoted macrophage M1 polarization, thus aggravating cardiomyocyte injury. In vivo experiments revealed that EXE intervention significantly downregulated miR-30d-5p and TSHR expression, upregulated GALNT7, reduced inflammation, and promoted M2 macrophage polarization, thereby alleviating DOX-induced myocardial injury. In addition, overexpression of miR-30d-5p or knockdown of GALNT7 weakened the intervention effect of EXE, whereas overexpression of GALNT7 or knockdown of TSHR promoted the effect of EXE. Conclusion: EXE can modulate the miR-30d-5p/GALNT7 axis to inhibit the expression of TSHR, thereby regulating the polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype and ultimately alleviating DOX-induced myocardial injury, which provides new targets and strategies for the clinical treatment of myocardial injury.

Keywords: doxorubicin; exercise; macrophage polarization; miR-30d-3p; myocardial injury.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cardiotoxicity
  • Disease Models, Animal*
  • Doxorubicin* / adverse effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Macrophage Activation / drug effects
  • Macrophages* / immunology
  • Macrophages* / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • MicroRNAs* / genetics
  • MicroRNAs* / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / drug effects
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
  • N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases* / genetics
  • N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases* / metabolism
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal
  • Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase*
  • Rats

Substances

  • MicroRNAs
  • Doxorubicin
  • N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases
  • Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
  • Mirn30d microRNA, mouse