Case report: Surgical management of type 2 aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve and aortic coarctation

This case report describes an exceptional case of aortic aneurysm co-occurring with type II dissection, bicuspid aortic valve, and severe aortic valve regurgitation in a patient with aortic coarctation. A 39-year-old man without any medical history was admitted to the hospital with chest pain. Physical examination revealed a holosystolic murmur and a noticeable blood pressure difference between the upper and lower extremities. Imaging studies unveiled the presence of aortic dissection, aortic coarctation, and a bicuspid aortic valve. The patient underwent an urgent single-stage surgical intervention performed via a median sternotomy approach: the procedure involved patch angioplasty, a mechanical prosthetic valve, and a Dacron tube graft. The patient's follow-up assessments indicated successful outcomes. This case report highlights the complexity of managing concurrent pathologies, suggests a unique surgical approach, and underscores the importance of tailored interventions in rare presentations of cardiovascular diseases.