A bispecific CD40 agonistic antibody allowing for antibody-peptide conjugate formation to enable cancer-specific peptide delivery, resulting in improved T proliferation and anti-tumor immunity in mice

Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 5;15(1):9542. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53839-5.

Abstract

Current antibody-based immunotherapy depends on tumor antigen shedding for proper T cell priming. Here we select a novel human CD40 agonistic drug candidate and generate a bispecific antibody, herein named BiA9*2_HF, that allows for rapid antibody-peptide conjugate formation. The format is designed to facilitate peptide antigen delivery to CD40 expressing cells combined with simultaneous CD40 agonistic activity. In vivo, the selected bispecific antibody BiA9*2_HF loaded with peptide cargos induces improved antigen-specific proliferation of CD8+ (10-15 fold) and CD4+ T cells (2-7 fold) over control in draining lymph nodes. In both virus-induced and neoantigen-based mouse tumor models, BiA9*2_HF demonstrates therapeutic efficacy and elevated safety profile, with complete tumor clearance, as well as measured abscopal impact on tumor growth. The BiA9*2_HF drug candidate can thus be utilized to tailor immunotherapeutics for cancer patients.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / immunology
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / pharmacology
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD40 Antigens* / agonists
  • CD40 Antigens* / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoconjugates / chemistry
  • Immunoconjugates / pharmacology
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Peptides* / chemistry
  • Peptides* / pharmacology

Substances

  • CD40 Antigens
  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Peptides
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Immunoconjugates