Plant ribosomes as a score to fathom the melody of 2'- O-methylation across evolution

RNA Biol. 2024 Jan;21(1):70-81. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2417152. Epub 2024 Nov 7.

Abstract

2'-O-ribose methylation (2'-O-Me) is one of the most common RNA modifications detected in ribosomal RNAs (rRNA) from bacteria to eukaryotic cells. 2'-O-Me favours a specific RNA conformation and protects RNA from hydrolysis. Moreover, rRNA 2'-O-Me might stabilize its interactions with messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) or proteins. The extent of rRNA 2'-O-Me fluctuates between species from 3-4 sites in bacteria to tens of sites in archaea, yeast, algae, plants and human. Depending on the organism as well as the rRNA targeting site and position, the 2'-O-Me reaction can be carried out by several site-specific RNA methyltransferases (RMTase) or by a single RMTase associated to specific RNA guides. Here, we review current progresses in rRNA 2'-O-Me (sites/Nm and RMTases) in plants and compare the results with molecular clues from unicellular (bacteria, archaea, algae and yeast) as well as multicellular (human and plants) organisms.

Keywords: 2’-O-methylation; C/D-box snoRNP; epitranscriptome; plants; ribosomal RNA.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Archaea / genetics
  • Archaea / metabolism
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Humans
  • Methylation
  • Methyltransferases / chemistry
  • Methyltransferases / genetics
  • Methyltransferases / metabolism
  • Plants* / genetics
  • Plants* / metabolism
  • RNA, Plant / chemistry
  • RNA, Plant / genetics
  • RNA, Plant / metabolism
  • RNA, Ribosomal* / chemistry
  • RNA, Ribosomal* / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal* / metabolism
  • RNA, Transfer / chemistry
  • RNA, Transfer / genetics
  • RNA, Transfer / metabolism
  • Ribosomes* / metabolism

Substances

  • RNA, Ribosomal
  • Methyltransferases
  • RNA, Plant
  • RNA, Transfer