Variations in sex characteristics (VSCs) include conditions where there is atypical chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex. VSCs may be identified when evaluating an infant with atypical genital appearance at birth, a child with a hernia or precocious puberty, an adolescent with delayed puberty or amenorrhea, or an adult with infertility. Care for the patient with a VSC requires a thoughtful approach to history-taking, physical examination, imaging, and hormonal and genetic testing. Consultation with an experienced multidisciplinary team is recommended. Psychological and peer support is essential, with particular care taken to support a patient's gender identity development and autonomy.
Keywords: Differences of sex development; Disorders of sex development; Intersex; Variation in sex characteristics.
Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.