Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Relation to Serum Fetuin-A Levels in Overweight and Obese with and without Metabolic Syndrome in the North-eastern States of Indian Population

Introduction: : In India the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has dramatically increased. Hepatokines have gained considerable interest, and the role of fetuin-A in overweight and obesity incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of serum fetuin-A in overweight and obese adults with and without metabolic syndrome in the northeastern Indian population.

Methods: This comparative study included 200 subjects (50 control, 50 overweight, 50 obese without metabolic syndrome and 50 obese with metabolic syndrome) aged 20-70 years. Lipid profile and fasting blood glucose, were measured using a fully automated analyzer. ELISA was employed to measure serum fetuin-A levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS versions 23.0. Furthermore, t-test was used to analyze the numerical investigational data of the present study. Chi squared test for the categorical data, and Pearson's correlation for the correlation analysis.

Results: Overweight and obese adults with and without metabolic syndrome had higher fetuin-A levels were than the controls. The results of this study indicated a positive correlation between fetuin-A and lipid profile, anthropometric parameters, 12 h fasting blood glucose and blood pressure. Contrarily, HDL-C exhibited a negative correlation with fetuin-A.

Conclusions: Fetuin-A is the first hepatokine associated with metabolic diseases. It controls the entire energy homeostasis of the body probably by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. The current data belief is that fetuin-A may be a promising biomarker for predicting metabolic syndrome and its associated disorders particularly in overweight and obese adults.