The pressure gradient for venous return and its derivatives are ambiguous measures

Affiliations

• ¹ Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada. [email protected].
• ² Flosonics Medical, Toronto, ON, Canada. [email protected].
• ³ Department of Anesthesia, SV Hospital Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.