Genomic epidemiology of early SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Bangladesh

Virol J. 2024 Nov 13;21(1):291. doi: 10.1186/s12985-024-02560-2.

Abstract

Background: Genomic epidemiology has helped reconstruct the global and regional movement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is still a lack of understanding of SARS-CoV-2 spread in some of the world's least developed countries (LDCs).

Methods: To begin to address this disparity, we studied the transmission dynamics of the virus in Bangladesh during the country's first COVID-19 wave by analysing case reports and whole-genome sequences from all eight divisions of the country.

Results: We detected > 50 virus introductions to the country during the period, including during a period of national lockdown. Additionally, through discrete phylogeographic analyses, we identified that geographical distance and population -density and/or -size influenced virus spatial dispersal in Bangladesh.

Conclusions: Overall, this study expands our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology in Bangladesh, shedding light on crucial transmission characteristics within the country, while also acknowledging resemblances and differences to patterns observed in other nations.

Keywords: Bangladesh; Genomic epidemiology; Phylodynamics; SARS-CoV-2.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Bangladesh / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / transmission
  • COVID-19* / virology
  • Child
  • Female
  • Genome, Viral*
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Phylogeny
  • Phylogeography*
  • SARS-CoV-2* / classification
  • SARS-CoV-2* / genetics
  • Whole Genome Sequencing
  • Young Adult