On the concordance between CAPS-5 and PCL-5 scores

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2024;15(1):2407728. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2407728. Epub 2024 Nov 14.

Abstract

Background: As reported in this journal, Resick and colleagues (2023) investigated discrepancies between scores from two widely used PTSD measures: the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5; Weathers et al., 2013) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; Weathers et al., 2013), a clinician-rated structured interview and a self-rated questionnaire, respectively. Using data from four clinical trials of active-duty military personnel and veterans, the authors replicated the common finding that PCL-5 scores are higher than CAPS-5 scores. They then examined item response distributions, finding that ratings on the PCL-5 were more evenly distributed across all five options whereas specific CAPS-5 scores were used relatively infrequently. Concluding that this finding indicates a problem that should be addressed, they offered suggestions for revising anchors and items to improve correspondence between the two measures.Objective: The results are informative and the nature and size of the sample are well-suited to this important research question. However, we have a number of concerns and comments about this paper.Conclusion: In our view, the authors mischaracterized the CAPS-5 and PCL-5 in several important ways, resulting in some erroneous conclusions about their findings and the expected nature of the relationship between the CAPS-5 and PCL-5. Given that these issues are vital to the field of traumatic stress, we felt compelled to address them and provide an alternative perspective.

Antecedentes: Como se informó en esta revista, Resick y colaboradores (2023) investigaron las discrepancias entre las puntuaciones de dos medidas de TEPT ampliamente utilizadas: la Escala de TEPT administrada por el clínico para el DSM-5 (CAPS-5; Weathers et al., 2013) y la Lista de verificación de TEPT para el DSM-5 (PCL-5; Weathers et al., 2013), una entrevista estructurada calificada por el clínico y un cuestionario de autoevaluación, respectivamente. Utilizando datos de cuatro ensayos clínicos de personal militar en servicio activo y veteranos, los autores replicaron el hallazgo común de que las puntuaciones de PCL-5 son más altas que las puntuaciones de CAPS-5. Luego examinaron las distribuciones de las respuestas de los ítems y descubrieron que las calificaciones en la PCL-5 se distribuían de manera más uniforme entre las cinco opciones, mientras que puntuaciones específicas de la CAPS-5 se usaban con relativa poca frecuencia. Concluyeron que este hallazgo indica un problema que debe abordarse y ofrecieron sugerencias para revisar los puntos de anclaje e ítems para mejorar la correspondencia entre las dos medidas.

Objetivo: Los resultados son informativos y la naturaleza y el tamaño de la muestra son adecuados para esta importante pregunta de investigación. Sin embargo, tenemos una serie de inquietudes y comentarios sobre este artículo.

Conclusiones: En nuestra opinión, los autores caracterizaron erróneamente la CAPS-5 y la PCL-5 de varias maneras importantes, lo que resultó en algunas conclusiones erróneas sobre sus hallazgos y la naturaleza esperada de la relación entre la CAPS-5 y la PCL-5. Dado que estas cuestiones son vitales para el campo del estrés traumático, nos sentimos obligados a abordarlas y brindar una perspectiva alternativa.

Keywords: CAPS-5; PCL-5; PTSD; TEPT; assessment; evaluación.

Plain language summary

Resick et al. (2023) reported discrepancies in scores on two widely used measures of posttraumatic stress disorder, the Clinician-Administered PTSD scale (CAPS-5), a structured interview, and the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5), a questionnaire, in treatment-seeking military personnel and veterans. Specifically, they replicated the common finding that PCL-5 scores are higher than CAPS-5 scores.The authors explored differences in item response distributions and wording of prompts and rating scale anchors as possible explanations for scoring discrepancies, and then suggested revisions that might improve concordance between the PCL-5 and CAPS-5.We discuss a number of concerns about their characterisation of the PCL-5 and CAPS-5, and then provide an alternative perspective on the use of interviews versus questionnaires in the assessment of PTSD.

MeSH terms

  • Checklist
  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • Humans
  • Military Personnel / psychology
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Psychometrics
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / diagnosis
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Veterans / psychology