Impact of carbon/nitrogen ratio on sequencing batch biofilm reactors initiated with different seed sludges for treating actual mariculture effluents

Bioresour Technol. 2025 Feb:417:131838. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131838. Epub 2024 Nov 16.

Abstract

The impact of carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio on sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) initiated with different seed sludges for treating actual mariculture effluent was explored. Increasing the C/N ratio significantly enhanced the nitrogen removal efficiency, achieving average removal efficiency of 95% for ammonia nitrogen and 73% for total nitrogen at ratio of 30, while the impact of seed sludge was minimal. High C/N ratio promoted the secretion of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS), which showed significant correlation with nitrogen removal. Interactions between bacteria and archaea were enhanced and conditionally rare or abundant taxa were the keystone taxa. High C/N ratio inhibited the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (Candidatus_Nitrosopumilus) and bacteria (Nitrosomonas), but promoted the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria (Halomonas). The expression of nitrogen removal functional genes significantly correlated with functional genera. This study emphasized the crucial role of high C/N ratios in biological nitrogen removal from actual mariculture effluent.

Keywords: Bacteria/archaea; Carbon/nitrogen ratio; Functional genera; Mariculture effluent; Nitrogen removal.

MeSH terms

  • Archaea / genetics
  • Archaea / metabolism
  • Bacteria / metabolism
  • Biofilms*
  • Bioreactors*
  • Carbon* / pharmacology
  • Denitrification
  • Nitrification
  • Nitrogen*
  • Sewage* / microbiology
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods
  • Water Purification / methods

Substances

  • Nitrogen
  • Carbon
  • Sewage