Role of transglutaminase 2 in promoting biglycan synthesis in idiopathic gingival fibromatosis

BMC Oral Health. 2024 Nov 21;24(1):1422. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05211-8.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF).

Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) were isolated from patients with IGF and periodontitis. Differential gene expression in the hGFs was analyzed using RNA sequencing. Extracellular matrix-related gene expression in the hGFs was analyzed. The effect of specific protein (SP)1 inhibitor or recombinant human transglutaminase 2 (rh-TGM2) on biglycan (BGN) expression in hGFs was also determined.

Results: RNA sequencing showed that TGM2 expression was downregulated and BGN mRNA expression was upregulated in patients with IGF relative to periodontitis. rh-TGM2 stimulation of hGFs in patients with IGF significantly reduced BGN expression. SP1 inhibitors downregulated BGN expression in the hGFs.

Conclusion: BGN upregulation via SP1 causes TGM2 downregulation in gingival fibroblasts in IGF.

Keywords: Biglycan; Human gingival fibroblast; Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis; Periodontitis; Specific protein 1; Transglutaminase 2.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biglycan* / metabolism
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Down-Regulation
  • Fibroblasts* / metabolism
  • Fibromatosis, Gingival* / genetics
  • Fibromatosis, Gingival* / metabolism
  • GTP-Binding Proteins* / metabolism
  • Gingiva / metabolism
  • Gingiva / pathology
  • Humans
  • Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2*
  • Sp1 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Transglutaminases* / metabolism

Substances

  • Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2
  • Biglycan
  • Transglutaminases
  • GTP-Binding Proteins
  • TGM2 protein, human
  • Sp1 Transcription Factor