Advances in research on the role of high carbohydrate diet in the process of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Ying Zhang; Linting Xun; Ran Qiao; Shumei Jin; Bing Zhang; Mei Luo; Ping Wan; Zan Zuo; Zhengji Song; Jialong Qi

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1478374

Advances in research on the role of high carbohydrate diet in the process of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Front Immunol. 2024 Nov 11:15:1478374. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1478374. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Ying Zhang^{1

2}, Linting Xun², Ran Qiao³, Shumei Jin⁴, Bing Zhang⁵, Mei Luo², Ping Wan^{2

6}, Zan Zuo², Zhengji Song^{1

2}, Jialong Qi^{1

2

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
² Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
³ Colleges of Letters and Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
⁴ Yunnan Institute of Food and Drug Supervision and Control, Medical Products Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
⁵ Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Information Optics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
⁶ Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
⁷ Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, systemic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by episodic inflammation that requires life-long management. Although the etiology of IBD is not fully understood, it is hypothesized to involve a multifaceted interplay among genetic susceptibility, the host immune response, and environmental factors. Previous studies have largely concluded that IBD is associated with this complex interplay; however, more recent evidence underscores the significant role of dietary habits as risk factors for the development of IBD. In this review, we review the molecular mechanisms of high-sugar and high-fat diets in the progression of IBD and specifically address the impacts of these diets on the gut microbiome, immune system regulation, and integrity of the intestinal barrier, thereby highlighting their roles in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of IBD.

Keywords: dietary pattern; gut barrier; gut microbiota; inflammation; inflammatory bowel disease; mucosa immunity.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Diet, High-Fat / adverse effects
Dietary Carbohydrates / adverse effects
Gastrointestinal Microbiome* / immunology
Humans
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* / etiology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* / immunology
Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism
Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology
Risk Factors

Substances

Dietary Carbohydrates

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82360120;82460111), and the Yunnan Province Famous Doctor program (KH-SWR-MY-2019-009), Yunnan Provincial Leading Talent Program (L-2017009), and the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Talent Project program (No.KHBS-2022013, KHYJ-2023-05-01, 2022-KHRCBZ-B03), and the Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases (No.2022ZDKFKT001), and the Kunming Medical University Joint Special Project on Applied Basic Research (202301AY070001-007,-210), and Yunnan Fundamental basical research project (202301AT070034).