Cancer epigenetic therapy: recent advances, challenges, and emerging opportunities

Epigenomics. 2025 Jan;17(1):59-74. doi: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2430169. Epub 2024 Nov 27.

Abstract

Epigenetic dysregulation is an important nexus in the development and maintenance of human cancers. This review provides an overview of how understanding epigenetic dysregulation in cancers has led to insights for novel cancer therapy development. Over the past two decades, significant strides have been made in drug discovery efforts targeting cancer epigenetic mechanisms, leading to successes in clinical development and approval of cancer epigenetic therapeutics. This article will discuss the current therapeutic rationale guiding the discovery and development of epigenetic therapeutics, key learnings from clinical experiences and new opportunities on the horizon.

Keywords: Cancer epigenetics; DNA modifications; drug combination; drug discovery; histone modifications; synthetic lethality.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • DNA Methylation
  • Epigenesis, Genetic*
  • Epigenomics / methods
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Neoplasms* / therapy

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents

Grants and funding

This paper was not funded.