Utilizing electrospinning to fabricate porous polyvinylidene fluoride/cellulose nanocrystalline/MXene films for wearable pressure sensors

Flexible, stable, and highly sensitive pressure sensors have garnered significant interest for their potential applications in wearable electronics and human-computer interaction. However, pressure sensor substrates prepared by electrospinning currently face challenges related to inadequate mechanical properties and low conductivity. Therefore, fabricating films with high flexibility, excellent mechanical properties, and sensing capabilities is still a great challenge. Herein, through the application of MXene onto spun PVDF/CNC films, we developed pressure-sensitive materials boasting outstanding air permeability, mechanical properties (14.77 MPa, 80 %), and electrical conductivity. The pressure-sensitive material was used to fabricate a pressure sensor with excellent sensing performance. Benefiting from the porous structure of the spun film and the high conductivity of the MXene coating, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity (52-225 kPa^-1), wide sensing range (0.196-31 kPa), fast response/recovery time (0.3/0.2 s), and excellent mechanical stability (over 5000 times). These superior properties favor the application of physical health monitoring and pressure spatial distribution detection. The films have broad applications in the fields of wearable electronics, artificial electronic skin, and comprehensive motion detection.