The role of polyphenols in oxygen consumption and in the accumulation of acetaldehyde and Strecker aldehydes during wine oxidation

Food Chem. 2025 Feb 28:466:142242. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142242. Epub 2024 Nov 26.

Abstract

This study explores the role of polyphenols in preventing oxidative deterioration of wine aroma. Wine models containing polyphenols extracted from grapes were fortified with delphinidin-3G (DELF) or catechin (CAT), and oxidized. DELF increased oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) and reduced the Strecker aldehydes (SAs) formation, while CAT decreased OCRs and increased SAs. Further oxidation of models with individual polyphenols: coumaric acid (COU), caffeic acid (CAF), CAT, epigallocatechin (EPIG), malvidin-3G (MV), DELF, quercetin (QUER), and myricetin (MYR) revealed that most polyphenols, except anthocyanins, slowed initial OCRs. Anthocyanins and trihydroxylated polyphenols consumed all oxygen. DELF arises as the ideal sacrificial antioxidant, consuming O2 quickly and quantitatively, avoiding Fenton reaction and SAs accumulation. MV was similar but caused high SAs levels. EPIG and MYR prevented Fenton reaction but induced moderate SAs accumulation. COU hardly consumed O2, but prevented Fenton reaction and did not induce SAs. These findings could help enhance wine quality and stability.

Keywords: 2-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 7284); 3-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 11552); Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 177); Antioxidant; Catechin (PubChem CID: 73160); Coumaric acid (PubChem CID: 637542); Delphinidin 3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443650); Isobutanal (PubChem CID: 6561); Malvidin 3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 11249520).; Methional (PubChem CID: 18635); Oxygen consumption; Phenylacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Polyphenols; Strecker aldehydes; Wine aroma.

MeSH terms

  • Acetaldehyde* / chemistry
  • Acetaldehyde* / metabolism
  • Aldehydes* / chemistry
  • Aldehydes* / metabolism
  • Oxidation-Reduction*
  • Oxygen / chemistry
  • Oxygen / metabolism
  • Oxygen Consumption
  • Polyphenols* / chemistry
  • Polyphenols* / metabolism
  • Vitis / chemistry
  • Vitis / metabolism
  • Wine* / analysis

Substances

  • Polyphenols
  • Acetaldehyde
  • Aldehydes
  • Oxygen