A New Azaphilone From the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Botryosporium pulchrum

A new azaphilone, botryazaphilone (1), the first example of azaphilone featuring a 6/6/5/5 tetracyclic system, together with two known ones, chermesinone A (2) and perangustol B (3), had been obtained from the marine sponge-associated fungus Botryosporium pulchrum. The structure of 1 was elucidated through the analysis of spectroscopic data, whereas its absolute configuration was determined via single-crystal x-ray diffraction. It is the first report of the secondary metabolites isolated from the genus Botryosporium. Furthermore, all the compounds showed potential anti-inflammatory activities on the model of CuSO₄-induced transgenic zebrafish.