Combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice in bread: Delayed effect on metabolic disorders during long-term unbalanced diet in an in vivo experiment

Objective: The objective of study was to evaluate the biological effects occurring in the animal body in conditions of a regular consumption of bread with a combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice in its composition.

Methods: The animals (Soviet Chinchilla breed) were randomly distributed between six groups. Group 1 is intact animals. The food of Group 2 (control) included traditional bread. Animals of experimental groups were fed as follows: bread, in which 75% of water were replaced with clarified tomato juice (Group 3); bread with the addition of 20% of flaxseed, soaked beforehand in clarified tomato juice (Group 4); bread similar to Group 4, but juice with dissolved flaxseed hydrocolloids was used during dough kneading (Group 5); bread similar to Group 4, but instead of juice, drinking water was used (Group 6). We studied blood biochemistry. After 6 months, we took liver samples and identified the ratio of muscle, fat, bone, and connective tissues.

Results: We established that the introduction of clarified tomato juice into the bread recipe yielded a decrease in cholesterol and creatinine levels (p = .029 and p = .031, respectively), while the addition of flaxseed soaked in water can promote the activation of protective effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via reducing the levels of bilirubin (p = .040) and transaminases (p = .013) in the blood of experimental animals.

Conclusion: The introduction of a combination of flaxseed and clarified tomato juice into the bread recipe in conjunction with its daily consumption contributed to the manifestation of protective effects for the liver of rabbits.