Daphnetin ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration via the Keap1/Nrf2/NF-κB axis in vitro and in vivo

Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Jan 3:145:113785. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113785. Epub 2024 Dec 12.

Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the primary cause of low back pain (LBP). Enhanced inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels can cause apoptosis, which is one of the initial factors of IVDD. Our previous study showed that daphnetin (DAP) alleviates IVDD; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. An IVDD mouse model was established by lumbar disc puncture to investigate the mechanisms of DAP regulation, and DAP was injected intraperitoneally. Moreover, nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were challenged with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/H2O2 to mimic IVDD. Additionally, NPC apoptosis, ROS, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines were comprehensively assessed. We found that DAP can reverse H2O2-induced ROS and play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Moreover, we found that DAP inhibits the apoptosis of NPCs induced by H2O2/TNF-α. DAP may regulate ROS production and apoptosis via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/NF-E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1) pathway. These findings were confirmed by in vivo results. The comprehensive nature of our research provides a strong foundation for the potential use of DAP as a therapeutic agent to alleviate IVDD.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Daphnetin; Intervertebral disc degeneration; Keap1; Nrf2.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Apoptosis* / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Intervertebral Disc Degeneration* / drug therapy
  • Intervertebral Disc Degeneration* / metabolism
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1* / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2* / metabolism
  • NF-kappa B* / metabolism
  • Nucleus Pulposus* / drug effects
  • Nucleus Pulposus* / metabolism
  • Nucleus Pulposus* / pathology
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Umbelliferones* / pharmacology
  • Umbelliferones* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1
  • Umbelliferones
  • daphnetin
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2
  • NF-kappa B
  • Nfe2l2 protein, mouse
  • Keap1 protein, mouse
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Cytokines