The triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis with inclusion of two national databases

Ying Yang; Pai Peng; Huadong Huang; Yanan Zhao; Yating Li; Xiao Xu; Shixie Jiang; Yanrong Yang; Gaofeng Pan; Yanting Wen; Dan Wu; Shanping Chen; Lei Feng; Tangming Peng; Jiang Wang; Zheng Li

doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1496871

The triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis with inclusion of two national databases

Front Neurol. 2024 Nov 29:15:1496871. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1496871. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Ying Yang^#^{1

2}, Pai Peng^#^{3

4}, Huadong Huang^#^{3

4}, Yanan Zhao^{4

5}, Yating Li^{4

5}, Xiao Xu⁶, Shixie Jiang⁷, Yanrong Yang¹, Gaofeng Pan¹, Yanting Wen⁸, Dan Wu², Shanping Chen⁹, Lei Feng¹, Tangming Peng¹, Jiang Wang^{4

5}, Zheng Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu/Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China.
² School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Postsand Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
³ School of Clinical Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, China.
⁴ Online Collaborative Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Ministry of Education, Jinggangshan University Branch, Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, China.
⁵ School of Basic Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, China.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
⁸ Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
⁹ Department of Geriatrics, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: To investigate the relationship between the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index and cognitive impairment (CI).

Methods: Five authoritative databases were systematically searched for potentially relevant studies on 'TyG index' and 'CI' from inception to 27 April 2024. Two representative databases from the United Kingdom and United States were also included. We used the PICOS criteria to select available articles. All data was combined to compute Odd Ratios (ORs).

Results: 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis (participants: 5604303). The pooled effect sizes demonstrate that individuals with a high TyG index exhibit a significantly elevated risk of CI compared to those with a low TyG index (OR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.51; 3.08, p < 0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that inpatients with a high TyG index exhibited an increased risk of CI (OR = 4.56, 95%CI: 3.09; 6.74, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the risk of developing distinct types of CI differed significantly [CI: OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.29; 2.07, p < 0.001; Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI): OR = 5.39, 95% CI: 3.33; 8.70, p < 0.001].

Conclusion: A positive correlation exists between the TyG index and risk of CI, which has potential value in optimizing CI risk stratification among elderly people, especially those hospitalized.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023450336.

Keywords: Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI); cognitive impairment(CI); elderly people; inpatients; prevalence; the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index.

Publication types

Systematic Review

Grants and funding

The authors declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by the STI 2030-Major Projects 2022ZD0208501 and the Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau, Key Research and Development Support Program (No. 2021-YF09-00046-SN). This study was also supported by the Youth Innovative Research Project of Sichuan Medical Association (No. Q23057), the School Institute Joint Innovation Fund (LH202402004), and Chengdu Municipal Health Commission (No. 2022010 and 2022180).