Spop deficiency impairs adipogenesis and promotes thermogenic capacity in mice

PLoS Genet. 2024 Dec 16;20(12):e1011514. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011514. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Abstract

As the adaptor protein that determines substrate specificity of the Cul3-SPOP-Rbx1 E3 ligase complex, SPOP is involved in numerous biological processes. However, its physiological connections with adipogenesis and thermogenesis remain poorly understood. In the current study, we report that the conditional knockout of Spop in mice results in substantial changes in protein expression, including the upregulation of a critical factor associated with thermogenesis, UCP1. Loss of SPOP also led to defects in body weight gain. In addition, conditional knockout mice exhibited resistance to high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Proteomics analysis found that proteins upregulated in the knockout mice are primarily enriched for functions in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and thermogenesis. Furthermore, Spop knockout mice were more resilient during cold tolerance assay compared with the wild-type controls. Finally, the knockout of SPOP efficiently impaired adipogenesis in primary preadipocytes and the expression of associated genes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the critical roles of SPOP in regulating adipogenesis and thermogenic capacity in mice.

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes / metabolism
  • Adipogenesis* / genetics
  • Animals
  • Diet, High-Fat
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout*
  • Nuclear Proteins* / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins* / metabolism
  • Obesity* / genetics
  • Obesity* / metabolism
  • Repressor Proteins* / genetics
  • Repressor Proteins* / metabolism
  • Thermogenesis* / genetics
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes
  • Uncoupling Protein 1 / genetics
  • Uncoupling Protein 1 / metabolism

Substances

  • Repressor Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Spop protein, mouse
  • Uncoupling Protein 1
  • Ucp1 protein, mouse
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0405302 to QL), Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-CSAB-202401 to QL), Anhui Excellent Young Teachers Training Program (YQYB2024039 to YW), the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Department of Education (2023AH052002 to YW), the NSFC Incubation Program of Bengbu Medical University (2023byfy009 to YG) and the Hangzhou Science and Technology Development Program (202203A09 to LC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.