Role of rapidly evolving immunotherapy in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease

Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 3:15:1451977. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1451977. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Chronic active Epstein-Barr Virus disease is a kind of Epstein-Barr Virus associated T/NK cell lymphoproliferative disease. At present, there is still a lack of standard therapeutic regimen for its treatment, but its basic treatment principles include controlling inflammatory response, anti-tumor proliferation, and immune reconstitution. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only method that can cure this disease. In recent years, immunotherapy has developed rapidly and is widely used in the treatment of various hematological malignancies; various immunotherapy drugs, including PD-1 inhibitors, have also demonstrated their safety and efficacy in CAEBV, while immune cell therapies such as Epstein- Barr virus-specific T cells have also displayed their unique advantages in CAEBV.

Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus; Epstein-Barr virus specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes; PD-1 inhibitor; chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease; immunotherapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chronic Disease
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections* / immunology
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections* / therapy
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Immunotherapy* / methods
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / immunology
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / therapy
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology

Substances

  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82070213 and 82370196).