Advances in chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and their complications

Liuting Zeng; Yan Li; Wang Xiang; Wei Xiao; Zhiyong Long; Lingyun Sun

doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103350

Advances in chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and their complications

J Autoimmun. 2024 Dec 18:150:103350. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103350. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Liuting Zeng¹, Yan Li², Wang Xiang³, Wei Xiao⁴, Zhiyong Long⁵, Lingyun Sun⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
² People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang City, China.
³ Department of Rheumatology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde City, China.
⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde City, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁵ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁶ Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39700677
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103350

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are genetically engineered T cells expressing transmembrane chimeric antigen receptors with specific targeting abilities. As an emerging immunotherapy, the use of CAR-T cells has made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, particularly for hematological malignancies. The success of CAR-T cell therapy in blood cancers highlights its potential for other conditions in which the clearance of pathological cells is therapeutic, such as liver diseases, infectious diseases, heart failure, and diabetes. Given the limitations of current therapies for autoimmune diseases, researchers have actively explored the potential therapeutic value of CAR-T cells and their derivatives in the field of autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the research progress and current challenges of CAR-T cells in autoimmune diseases with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the precise treatment of autoimmune diseases. In the future, CAR-T cells may present new therapeutic modalities and ultimately provide hope for patients with autoimmune diseases.

Keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Chimeric antigen receptor T cells; Chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells.

Publication types

Review