Effects of Cell-Free Fat Extract and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Scar Maturation in an Experimental Rabbit Ear Wound Model

Background: Multiple methods have been used to treat hypertrophic scarring; however, an optimal treatment method remains to be established. We aimed to research and compare the effects of cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on hypertrophic scar formation based on histomorphological analysis in this study.

Methods: Twelve rabbits were divided into four groups randomly. (CEFFE+PRF group, n=3; CEFFE group, n=3, PRF group, n=3 and Control group, n=3). After the ear hypertrophic scar model were established, the two ears of each rabbit in the four groups were injected with CEFFE 0.05 mL/cm² + PRF 0.05 mL/cm², CEFFE 0.1 mL/cm², PRF 0.1 mL/cm², and saline 0.1 mL/cm², respectively. The scar elevation index and histological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining were evaluated after injection on day 40.

Results: The CEFFE+PRF group was significantly more effective in the prevention of pathological scar formation than the CEFFE-only, PRF-only, and control groups in terms of capillary count, collagen organization, fibroblast count, and scar elevation index (p<0.05).

Discussion: CEFFE combined with PRF was the most effective treatment for the prevention of hypertrophic scar formation in our study.